Taiwan Governor-General Taipei Hospital (NTU Hospital Old Building)

The Taiwan Governor-General Taipei Hospital (台灣總督府台北醫院) is a landmark Renaissance Revival-style building located in Zhongzheng District, Taipei, Taiwan. Designed by the prominent colonial-era architect Kondō Jūrō (近藤十郎), who also designed the Red House Theater in Ximending, the hospital was constructed between 1912 and 1921 to replace the original timber-structured facility that had been in use since the hospital moved to its present location in 1898.

The two-story red brick and reinforced concrete building features a symmetrical floor plan with a central corridor connecting the various clinics and wards. The grand main lobby showcases Western architectural techniques including arched windows, decorative columns, and elaborate cornices — hallmarks of Renaissance Revival design adapted for the tropical climate. When completed in 1921, it was celebrated as the largest and most modern hospital in all of Southeast Asia, equipped with electric lighting, telephone systems, and the latest medical equipment imported from Japan and Europe.

Throughout the Japanese colonial period (1895–1945), the hospital served as the colony's foremost medical institution, treating both Japanese and Taiwanese patients and conducting pioneering research into tropical diseases. In 1938, the hospital was annexed to the Medical School of Taihoku Imperial University (台北帝国大学), elevating its status as a teaching hospital. During the Pacific War, the hospital continued to serve both military and civilian medical needs, and several of its buildings were damaged in the Allied air raid on Taipei on 31 May 1945.

Following Japan's surrender and the transfer of Taiwan to the Republic of China in 1945, the institution was renamed National Taiwan University Hospital (國立臺灣大學醫學院附設醫院). The historic building continued to serve as the hospital's main facility until the completion of the new East Campus building in 1991. In 1998, the old building was officially designated as a Municipal Historic Monument (直轄市定古蹟) under Taiwan's Cultural Heritage Preservation Act, recognizing its outstanding architectural and historical value.

Today, the building serves as the West Campus (西址) of NTU Hospital, housing outpatient clinics and administrative offices. It stands as one of the most significant surviving examples of Japanese colonial medical architecture in Asia, alongside structures like the former Taipei Governor-General's Office (now the Presidential Office Building) as testaments to the ambitious infrastructure program of Japan's colonial administration in Taiwan.