前濱掩體群（舊高知海軍航空隊）

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前浜掩体群（旧高知海軍航空隊）

高知機場南側田園中保存七座海軍飛機掩體，建於1944年。五號掩體周圍已整備為公園，其餘多位於私有農地，掩體內部禁止進入。

都道府縣
高知縣
城市
Nankoku
地區
四國
重要程度
地區級
現在狀態
紀念場所
開放性
僅外觀
定位精度
約略
時期
1944–1945

詳細說明

高知縣南國市前濱的田園之中，散布著拱形屋頂的混凝土構造物。它們建於1944年，目的是保護高知海軍航空隊飛行場上的飛機；這座飛行場就是今日高知龍馬機場的前身。目前在田地之間共留存七座掩體，包括一座較大的與六座較小的。它們分散的配置，顯示出對飛機的防護並不侷限於跑道周邊，而是延伸到更廣的範圍。

這些掩體也保存了施工與後來使用的痕跡。在五號掩體，考古調查確認了依飛機外形向下挖出的凹陷地面，以及引導機輪進出的溝槽，可見它並不只是在平地上加蓋屋頂而已。混凝土表面還留有模板的壓痕與鞋印，讓人想見當年趕工的情景。這座掩體在戰後曾被當作住家使用，其後經過保存與補強工程，才確保它作為歷史遺址留存下來。

五號掩體的周圍，如今整備成一座設有解說牌與座椅的小公園。當地的觀光協會建議，可以從前濱公民館出發，預留大約一個小時，步行繞行整個掩體群。市政府禁止進入掩體內部；其餘六座掩體周圍的土地則是私有農地。因此，從允許通行的道路上觀看、並尊重正在進行的農業活動，是參觀這處分散遺址時必須遵守的原則。

本條目地圖採用高知縣觀光資訊所載的代表位置，它既不是舊飛行場的範圍界線，也不保證每一座構造物都能接近。高知海軍航空隊於1944年3月15日開隊，原是培訓偵察專修搭乘員的教育部隊；1945年5月下旬起，也以機上作業練習機「白菊」編成特攻隊，參加沖繩方面的菊水作戰，同年8月20日解隊。掩體群與仍在使用的機場跑道相鄰，使人容易把戰時的飛行場與今日的日常空間疊合起來理解。

分類

航空基地地下壕・防空設施（主要）

相關主題

航空航空
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大日本帝國海軍大日本帝国海軍
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本土防衛與要塞本土防衛
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資料出處

  1. 「前浜掩体群」５号掩体公園の整備政府資料南国市 生涯学習課{"batch":"20261003","sourceNotes":"Official page dated 2025-02-14, read 2026-10-03. Supports 1944 construction, No. 5 address, archaeological findings, postwar dwelling, reinforcement. Explicit instructions prohibit entering interiors and state all surroundings except No. 5 are private land.","verification":{"coordinateSourceUrl":"https://kochi-tabi.jp/search_spot.html?id=1139","coordinateEvidence":"Official prefectural tourism page has L.marker([33.542805, 133.66222]) labelled 前浜掩体群 and https://www.google.com/maps/search/?api=1&query=33.542805,133.66222&zoom=18 . This is the published representative point for a dispersed group; approximate avoids claiming a specific numbered shelter without a numbered survey.","accessCheckedAt":"2026-10-03","duplicateCheck":"Inventory search found no 前浜, maehama, 高知海軍航空隊 or Nankoku shelter record. kochi-city-peace-memorial-monument is a separate urban memorial in Kochi city, not these naval-airfield remains.","uncertainties":["Published dimensions of the largest shelter disagree between local and prefectural tourism pages; measurements omitted.","A group marker does not identify the exact entrance of any individual shelter; interiors are explicitly closed."]}}
  2. 前浜掩体（えんたい）群網站南国市観光協会{"batch":"20261003","sourceNotes":"2024-01-09 visitor account supports seven structures, one larger shelter, approximately one-hour walking circuit, community-centre starting point and No. 5 park. Dimensions differ from prefectural tourism listing, so dimensions and aircraft-identification testimony are omitted.","verification":{"coordinateSourceUrl":"https://kochi-tabi.jp/search_spot.html?id=1139","coordinateEvidence":"Official prefectural tourism page has L.marker([33.542805, 133.66222]) labelled 前浜掩体群 and https://www.google.com/maps/search/?api=1&query=33.542805,133.66222&zoom=18 . This is the published representative point for a dispersed group; approximate avoids claiming a specific numbered shelter without a numbered survey.","accessCheckedAt":"2026-10-03","duplicateCheck":"Inventory search found no 前浜, maehama, 高知海軍航空隊 or Nankoku shelter record. kochi-city-peace-memorial-monument is a separate urban memorial in Kochi city, not these naval-airfield remains.","uncertainties":["Published dimensions of the largest shelter disagree between local and prefectural tourism pages; measurements omitted.","A group marker does not identify the exact entrance of any individual shelter; interiors are explicitly closed."]}}
  3. 前浜掩体群網站高知県観光コンベンション協会{"batch":"20261003","sourceNotes":"Updated 2026-01-29. Page source directly supplies L.marker([33.542805,133.66222]) and a Google Maps query using the same coordinates; used as approximate group representative point. Confirms seven shelters and No. 5 park.","verification":{"coordinateSourceUrl":"https://kochi-tabi.jp/search_spot.html?id=1139","coordinateEvidence":"Official prefectural tourism page has L.marker([33.542805, 133.66222]) labelled 前浜掩体群 and https://www.google.com/maps/search/?api=1&query=33.542805,133.66222&zoom=18 . This is the published representative point for a dispersed group; approximate avoids claiming a specific numbered shelter without a numbered survey.","accessCheckedAt":"2026-10-03","duplicateCheck":"Inventory search found no 前浜, maehama, 高知海軍航空隊 or Nankoku shelter record. kochi-city-peace-memorial-monument is a separate urban memorial in Kochi city, not these naval-airfield remains.","uncertainties":["Published dimensions of the largest shelter disagree between local and prefectural tourism pages; measurements omitted.","A group marker does not identify the exact entrance of any individual shelter; interiors are explicitly closed."]}}
  4. 高知海軍航空隊 - Wikipedia（日本語）網站
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